Wrench.



No. 65L574; Patented lune l2, I900.

J. E. MEREDITH.

WRENCH.

\Application filed Nov. 7, 1 898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet l.

2 v F lcl m: uonms PETERS co, Primuumu, wlsnmm'ou. 11c

No. 651,574. I Patented lune l2, I900.

J. E. MEREDITH.

WRENCH.

iApplication filed Nov. 7, 1898.)

(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

WITNESSES flvnzwram Maw UNrrEn STATES a'rnu r union.

JOHN EDWARD MEREDITH, OF BIRMINGHAM, ENGLAND.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 651 ,574, dated June12, 1900.

Application filed November 7, 1898. Serial No. 695,702. (No model.) I

To all 11/71/0122, fl; HM/[ con/corn:

Be it known that I, J OHN EDWARD MERE- DITH, a subject of Her Majestythe Queen of Great Britain and Ireland, residing at Birmingham, in thecounty of l/Varwick, England, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Adjustable Spanners, of which the following is aspecification.

This invention consists of the herein-described improvementsinadjustable s panners, and is carried out as I will describe by referringto the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a general view of anadjustable spanner constructed in accordance with this invention. Fig. 2shows a double-ended spanner constructed in accordance with thisinvention. Fig. 3 shows how the said doubleended spanner will fold whennot in use. Fig. 4 shows the sheet-metal blank from which the loop partof the said spanner is formed. Fig. 5 shows a modification of the looppart of the said spanner. Fig. 6 represents a modified form of myinvention. Fig. 7 shows a pin for use with the same, and Fig. 8represents the same spanner as Fig. 6 open, ready to embrace a nut on ashaft, stay-bar, or the like.

The same letters of reference indicate the same parts in all thefigures.

I will first describe the arrangement of my invention shown by Figs. 1and 4.

In carrying out my invention I provide a flat section-lever A, near oneend of which is jointed, as by the cross-pin B, a metal loop 0,preferably formed of a sheet-metal blank such as represented by Fig. 4,which is folded centrally at the dotted lines o 0', thus forming a loop0 of two thicknesses of metal, which embrace between them the end of theflat sect-ion-leverA. The loop 0 and the lever A are, as aforesaid,jointed together by the cross rivet or pin B, so that the loop can turnabout the pin B in a plane parallel with the face of the lever A. Theinterior shape of the loop 0 is hexagonal at c or is a hole with two ofits sides 0 0 making an angle of sixty degrees, so as to suit hexagonalnuts. The end of the lever A near which the loop part O is jointed isenlarged and made of a curved shape, the distance of which from the pinB gradually increases from a to CF, so that when the loop part 0 isturned toward the part a of the curve the lever doesnot protrude at all,or but very little, across the opening 0 in the loop C, and thus thesaid opening will take a large nut, which will be pressed against thetwo inclined sides 0 c of the interior of the loop by the curved parts aa of the lever acting against the nut D like a cam when the lever isturned in the direction indicated by the arrow in Fig. 1 to turn thenut, thus securely holding the nut D between the two inclined sides 0 oof the loop and the curved end of the lever A. When the loop part 0 isplaced on a smaller nut and the lever A is turned in the directionindicated by the arrow-in Fig. 1 to turn the nut, the curved end a (t ofthe lever protrudes farther across the opening 0 of the loop 0, thusdiminishingthe said opening and pressing the nut against the twoinclined sides 0 0 as before. Thus the opening in the loop 0 will suitvarious sizes of hexagonal nuts by merely turning the loop 0 to such aposition on the lever A that the curved end of the lever fits againstone of the flat sides of the nut and presses the nut against the twoinclined sides 0 c of the loop 0.

It will be understood that the part 0 may, if desired, be made as ametal casting or forging, as shown by Fig. 5, instead of being made of afolded sheet-metal blank, as shown in Figs. 1 and 4:.

When myinventiou is applied to a doubleended spanner, as shown,for-instance, by Figs. 2 and 3, the lever A is made curved at both ends,and each end is fitted with one of the saidlooped parts, which in thiscase are marked, respectively, 0 C the loop part 0 being of the size totake certain sizes of larger nuts and theloop part (3 being made of theproper size to take the various sizesof smaller nuts. The loop part 0 isjointed to the spanner by a cross-pin B in the same way that the looppart 0 is jointed to the spannenby the cross-pin B.

When the spanner above described is not in use, the loop part 0 or loopparts'O O can be turned and folded against the body of the lever A, asshown by Fig. 3, so as to embrace the same, and thus occupy but littlespace.

When my improved spanner isrequired for turning nuts on shafts or staybars or bolts which are so fixed or placed at both ends that/ the loop 0or loops 0 C could not beplaeed on the nut owing to the said loop beingcontinuous, I make the'said loopin two parts, as represented, forinstance, by Figs. 6 and 8, the two parts being respectively marked D Dboth of which are jointed by the crosspin B to the lever A and are madeto fittogether at their outer ends 61- (1 so that when jointed together,as represented in Fig. 6, the parts D D will together form a loop havingthe same interior shape as in the spanners here-' inbet'ore described.Thetwo parts D D are secured together by an ordinary pin-such, forinstance, as that marked E and shown separately by Fig. 7 and whichpasses through the holes (i d in the parts D D Thus in using thisspanner the cross-pin E can be withdrawnfrom the holes 61 d and the twoparts D D of the loop opened away from each other, as representedin'Fig. 8, so that they can rea'dily be embraced around the nut. on

the shaft or the like, and then they can be secured together bytheGIOSSrPlH E and the spanner used to turn the nut, as hereinbeforedescribed in reference to Fig. l.

What I claim as my invention, and desiije to secure by Letters Patent,is-

In combination, the lever andthe loop having its ends pivoted to thelever and having also an opening to receive the nut or other part, thesides of the loop being connected at a point some distance away from oneedge of theloop to leave said edge free I so that the sides of the loopcan embrace the sides of the lever when the parts are folded.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

JOHN EDWARD MEREDITH.

Witnesses:

CHARLES BOSWORTH KETLEY, HERBERT WHITnHoUsE.

